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Cover Page, Publication Information, and Table of Contents
Racial and Ethnic Residential Segregation in the United States: 1980-2000
Census 2000 Special Reports
Issued August 2002
CENSR-3
By John Iceland and Daniel H. Weinberg with Erika Steinmetz
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
This report was prepared under the direction of Daniel H. Weinberg, Chief, Housing and
Household Economics Statistics Division (HHES) by Dr. Weinberg and Dr. John Iceland,
Chief, Poverty and Health Statistics Branch, HHES, with major assistance from Erika
Steinmetz, a staff member of HHES.
A number of people within the Census Bureau made significant contributions to the preparation
of this report. Marie Pees, Population Division, processed the census data files used for this
report. Paula Coupe, Jorge del Pinal, Samantha Friedman, Gerald Gates, Larry Long, and
Charles Nelson reviewed the contents.
The authors wish to acknowledge the conceptual contributions of Roderick Harrison, formerly
chief of the Racial Statistics Branch, Population Division, U.S. Census Bureau, in setting the
stage for the current report. They also wish to acknowledge the technical assistance of Scott
Susin, of HHES, and the mapping assistance of Timothy Trainor, Constance Beard, Linda
Orsini, and Gerald Coleman of the Geography Division. Patrick Cantwell of the Decennial
Statistical Studies Division provided guidance on statistical testing issues.
Greg Carroll, Nelsa Brown, Jan Sweeney, and Arlene Butler of the Administrative and
Customer Services Division, Walter C. Odom, Chief, provided publications and printing
management, graphics design and composition, and editorial review for print and electronic
media. General direction and production management were provided by Michael G. Garland,
Assistant Chief, and Gary J. Lauffer, Chief, Publications Services Branch.
U.S. Department of Commerce
Donald L. Evans, Secretary
Samuel W. Bodman, Deputy Secretary
Economics and Statistics Administration
Kathleen B. Cooper, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Charles Louis Kincannon, Director
Suggested Citation
Iceland, John, Daniel H. Weinberg, and Erika Steinmetz,
U.S. Census Bureau, Series CENSR-3, Racial and Ethnic Residential
Segregation in the United States: 1980-2000, U.S. Government
Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2002.
Economic and Statistics Administration
Kathleen B. Cooper, Under Secretary for Economic Affairs
U.S. CENSUS BUREAU
Charles Louis Kincannon, Director
Vacant, Deputy Director
John H. Thompson, Principal Associate Director for Programs
Nancy M. Gordon, Associate Director for Demographic Programs
Daniel H. Weinberg, Chief, Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division
For sale by the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office
Internet: bookstore.gpo.gov
Phone: toll free 866-512-1800; DC area 202-512-1800
Fax: 202-512-2250
Mail: Stop SSOP, Washington, DC 20402-0001
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Chapter 1: Introduction and Highlights
Chapter 2: Data and Methods
Chapter 3: The Residential Segregation of American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980-2000
Text Tables
Figures
- Figure 3-1a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 3-1b. Distribution of Isolation Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 3-1c. Distribution of Delta Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 3-1d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 3-1e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 3-2a. Dissimilarity Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 3-2b. Isolation Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 3-2c. Delta Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 3-2d. Absolute Centralization Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 3-2e. Spatial Proximity Index for American Indians and Alaska Natives for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
Maps
Chapter 4: Residential Segregation of Asians, Native Hawaiians, and
Other Pacific Islanders: 1980-2000
Text Tables
- Table 4-1. Descriptive Statistics for Residential Segregation Indexes for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Table 4-2. Residential Segregation Indexes for Asians and Pacific Islanders by Characteristics of Selected Metropolitan Areas: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Table 4-3. Distribution of Percent Change in Residential Segregation Indexes for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980-2000
- Table 4-4. Residential Segregation for Asians and Pacific Islanders in Large Metropolitan Areas: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Table 4-5. Percent Change in Residential Segregation Indexes for Asians and Pacific Islanders in Large Metropolitan Areas: 1980-2000
Text Tables for Asians and Pacific Islanders (API), Asians, and Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI)
- Table 4-6. Descriptive Statistics for Residential Segregation Indexes for Asians and Pacific Islanders, Asians, and Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders: 2000
Figures
- Figure 4-1a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 4-1b. Distribution of Isolation Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 4-1c. Distribution of Delta Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 4-1d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 4-1e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 4-2a. Dissimilarity Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 4-2b. Isolation Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 4-2c. Delta Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 4-2d. Absolute Centralization Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 4-2e. Spatial Proximity Index for Asians and Pacific Islanders for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
Maps
Figures for Asians and Pacific Islanders (API), Asians, and Native Hawaiians and Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI)
- Figure 4-5a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for API, Asian, and NHOPI: 2000
- Figure 4-5b. Distribution of Isolation Index for API, Asian, and NHOPI: 2000
- Figure 4-5c. Distribution of Delta Index for API, Asian, and NHOPI: 2000
- Figure 4-5d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for API, Asian, and NHOPI: 2000
- Figure 4-5e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for API, Asian, and NHOPI: 2000
- Figure 4-6a. 2000 Dissimilarity Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander by Asian
- Figure 4-6b. 2000 Isolation Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander by Asian
- Figure 4-6c. 2000 Delta Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander by Asian
- Figure 4-6d. 2000 Absolute Centralization Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander by Asian
- Figure 4-6e. Spatial Proximity Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander by Asian
Chapter 5: Residential Segregation of Blacks or African Americans: 1980-2000
Text Tables
Figures
- Figure 5-1a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for Blacks: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 5-1b. Distribution of Isolation Index for Blacks: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 5-1c. Distribution of Delta Index for Blacks: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 5-1d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for Blacks: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 5-1e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for Blacks: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 5-2a. Dissimilarity Index for Blacks for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 5-2b. Isolation Index for Blacks for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 5-2c. Delta Index for Blacks for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 5-2d. Absolute Centralization Index for Blacks for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 5-2e. Spatial Proximity Index for Blacks for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
Maps
Chapter 6: Residential Segregation of Hispanics or Latinos: 1980-2000
Text Tables
Figures
- Figure 6-1a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 6-1b. Distribution of Isolation Index for Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 6-1c. Distribution of Delta Index for Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 6-1d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 6-1e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Figure 6-2a. Dissimilarity Index for Hispanics for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 6-2b. Isolation Index for Hispanics for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 6-2c. Delta Index for Hispanics for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 6-2d. Absolute Centralization Index for Hispanics for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 6-2e. Spatial Proximity Index for Hispanics for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
Maps
Chapter 7: Cross-Group Comparisons
Text Tables
- Table 7-1. Descriptive Statistics for Residential Segregation Indexes for American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians and Pacific Islanders, Blacks, and Hispanics: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Table 7-2. Percent Changes for Residential Segregation Indexes for American Indians and Alaska Natives, Asians and Pacific Islanders, Blacks, and Hispanics: 1980-1990, 1990-2000, and 1980-2000
- Table 7-3. Residential Segregation Indexes for Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA: 1980, 1990, and 2000
- Table 7-4. Percent Change in Residential Segregation Indexes for Los Angeles-Long Beach PMSA: 1980-2000
Figures
- Figure 7-1a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1980
- Figure 7-1b. Distribution of Isolation Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1980
- Figure 7-1c. Distribution of Delta Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1980
- Figure 7-1d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1980
- Figure 7-1e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1980
- Figure 7-2a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1990
- Figure 7-2b. Distribution of Isolation Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1990
- Figure 7-2c. Distribution of Delta Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1990
- Figure 7-2d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1990
- Figure 7-2e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 1990
- Figure 7-3a. Distribution of Dissimilarity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 2000
- Figure 7-3b. Distribution of Isolation Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 2000
- Figure 7-3c. Distribution of Delta Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 2000
- Figure 7-3d. Distribution of Absolute Centralization Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 2000
- Figure 7-3e. Distribution of Spatial Proximity Index for AIAN, API, Black, and Hispanic: 2000
- Figure 7-4a. Dissimilarity Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 7-4b. Isolation Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 7-4c. Delta Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 7-4d. Absolute Centralization Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
- Figure 7-4e. Spatial Proximity Index for Selected Metropolitan Areas: 2000 by 1980
Maps
Appendixes
A Measuring Segregation Using Alternative Methods of Identifying
Racial/Ethnic Group Members: "Alone" vs. "Alone or in Combination"
B Measures of Residential Segregation
C Comparison with Other Sources
D Detailed Figures
References
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Source: U.S. Census Bureau, Housing and Household Economic Statistics Division
Last Revised: December 06, 2004